South Dakota LLC: How to Do it Right

Quick facts about forming a South Dakota LLC

Item	Details
State filing fee (Articles of Organization)	$150 online
Paper filing	$165 by mail (includes a $15 paper filing fee)
Processing Time	Online filings are usually approved quickly; mailed filings take longer. Expedited processing is available ($50).
Annual Report Fee	$55 online ($70 by mail), due each year in your LLC’s anniversary month
Registered Agent Required	Yes, must have a physical South Dakota address
State Franchise Tax	None for LLCs (only banks and financial institutions pay it)
Business License	No statewide general license, but local licensing may be required
Managing Authority	South Dakota Secretary of State, Business Services Division

How to start an LLC in South Dakota in 5 steps

Starting a business in South Dakota requires careful planning and preparation. You need to consider not only how your business will operate, but also how it will affect your own life and finances. By setting up an LLC, you can increase the odds of protecting yourself from personal liability for business debts. An LLC also gives you a framework for managing your business, distributing profits, and handling obligations such as taxes.

South Dakota presents numerous business incentives for LLCs. The South Dakota Governor’s Office of Economic Development offers several financing programs for new businesses. Other state programs can help with startup costs, employee recruitment, and other matters. South Dakota law gives LLCs great flexibility in terms of management. Perhaps most importantly, South Dakota has no personal or corporate income tax.

Much of what you will need to form an LLC in South Dakota is available online. You’ll need to provide names and addresses for your organizers, your registered agent and, if your LLC is manager-managed, its managers.

These are the five steps you must take to get your LLC in South Dakota:

1. Name your South Dakota LLC
2. Choose your registered agent
3. File articles of organization
4. Create an operating agreement 
5. Apply for an EIN

Detailed descriptions of each of these steps follow below as well as a helpful video:

Step 1: Name your South Dakota LLC

First, you will need to pick a name for your LLC. South Dakota has several requirements for LLC names. First, the name must contain one of the following:

• Limited Liability Company
• Ltd. Liability Company
• Limited Liability Co.
• Ltd. Liability Co.
• Limited Company
• Ltd. Co.
• L.L.C.
• LLC
• L.C.
• LC

Next, the name must be “distinguishable” from other names registered with the South Dakota Secretary of State (SDSOS). This includes the names of other LLCs, corporations, and partnerships, as well as reserved names and fictitious names used by foreign (meaning out-of-state) businesses registered in South Dakota. The SDSOS provides a tool on its website to conduct a South Dakota business entity search and see if a name is available or not. 

South Dakota law makes 2 exceptions to the requirement that a business name must be distinguishable from all others. You may use a name for your LLC that is not distinguishable if: 

• The current owner or registrant of the name consents in writing and agrees to change its own name to one that’s distinguishable
• You have a court order granting you the right to use the name in South Dakota

Once you have found a name for your LLC, you must protect it to ensure no one else uses it first. You may do this by forming the LLC. You can also reserve it with the Secretary of State for $25. A reservation lasts 120 days.

If you’ll do business under a different name, you can register a DBA (fictitious business name) with the Secretary of State for $10.

Step 2: Choose a registered agent

When you complete the articles of organization for your LLC, you must designate an individual or business to serve as the registered agent. They must have a street address, not a P.O. Box, that will serve as the LLC’s registered office. 

A registered agent in South Dakota receives legal papers (service of process) and official notices for your LLC and forwards them to you. If someone sues your LLC, they must identify your registered agent as the person or business to receive service of process. The state may also send important information there. In practice, someone needs to be available at the registered office to accept legal papers when they arrive. 

You may serve as the registered agent for your own LLC, or you can designate someone else to do it. Many lawyers and law firms, for example, act as registered agents for their clients, using their address as the registered office. 

A registered agent service, such as Tailor Brands, will act as your registered agent for an annual fee. Registered agent services typically cost $50–$300 per year. Tailor Brands’ registered agent service is $199 per year. Using a third-party registered agent limits how often your name appears in the public record. It can also minimize the amount of material you receive at your office, since your address will not be listed alongside the name of your registered agent. 

Step 3: File articles of organization

Once you have chosen your business name, you may be ready to form the LLC. You may do so by filing articles of organization with the SDSOS either online or by mail. The person who files the articles of organization is known as the “organizer.” 

State fees

The SDSOS charges a $150 filing fee to file articles of organization for an LLC online. The fee if you file a paper document, by mail or in person, is $165 (includes a $15 paper filing fee). Online filings are usually approved quickly; mail takes longer. If you need it faster, expedited processing is available for $50. This is the primary South Dakota LLC formation cost you’ll need to budget for when starting your business.

Requirements

You will need the following information to file articles of organization: 

• Your LLC’s name
• The street address of your designated office (and mailing address, if different)
• Your registered agent: a noncommercial agent’s name and South Dakota street address, or a commercial agent’s name and CRA number
• The name and address of each organizer
• The duration of the LLC, if not perpetual
• Whether the LLC is member-managed or manager-managed, and each initial manager’s name and address if manager-managed

How to file

You may file the articles of organization online at the SDSOS website. If you prefer to file the old-fashioned way, you can file the paper Articles of Organization (Domestic Limited Liability Company) form. You can send or deliver the form to the Secretary of State’s Office, 500 E. Capitol Avenue, Pierre, SD 57501. 

Step 4: Create an operating agreement

An operating agreement is a contract between members of an LLC that establishes policies and procedures for how to manage their business. You can use it to create formal processes for matters like: 

• Voting on major decisions
• Distributing profits
• Allocating losses
• Appointing managers to run the business
• Selling or transferring membership interests
• Selling business assets
• Winding down and dissolving the business

Even if you are the only member of the LLC, a South Dakota LLC operating agreement can help you maintain the formality often expected from a business. It can give you additional credibility with creditors, vendors, and others. It can also help maintain liability protection for you individually. 

Is an operating agreement a must?

South Dakota doesn’t require an operating agreement. If you have one, it doesn’t need to be in writing: state law allows written or oral agreements. Without one, the default rules in South Dakota’s LLC Act apply.

State law does, however, identify what an operating agreement cannot do, including:

• Eliminate a member’s duty of loyalty to the LLC
• Eliminate a member’s duty to the LLC of good faith and fair dealing
• Change the right to ask a court to expel a member for serious misconduct
• Change the obligation under state law to wind up the business after certain events occur
• Restrict the rights of anyone other than members, managers and people who receive a member’s share of distributions

Step 5: Get an EIN

Once you have formed your LLC, you will need to obtain an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. This number serves a similar purpose as a Social Security number. You will use it on federal tax documents but also for other purposes such as opening a bank account and applying for a business loan. Tailor Brands can help you obtain an EIN, or you can do it yourself. 

If you are located in South Dakota, you may apply for an EIN online, by fax, or by mail. You will need information including the business name and address, your name, the type of business, and the reason you are applying for an EIN. You may choose “started a new business” for this item. 

You can apply online at the IRS website. If you use this option, you should have your EIN within a few minutes. 

To apply for an EIN by fax or mail, you must fill out Form SS-4. Several items on the form can be difficult to understand. Lines 8a through 8c ask about whether your business is an LLC. Line 9a then asks about the type of entity, but it does not include “LLC” as an option. The answer may depend on the type of tax treatment you have chosen for the LLC, which is discussed in more detail below. By default, the IRS treats a multi-member LLC as a partnership and a single-member LLC as a disregarded entity (taxed like a sole proprietorship). You can elect to have it taxed as a corporation. 

You can fax the form to (855) 641-6935. You should receive your EIN within a few days, up to a week. You can mail the form to Internal Revenue Service, Attn: EIN Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999. The IRS states that it takes 4 weeks to get your EIN this way.

Once you’ve obtained your EIN, your LLC is officially set up and ready to operate. But remember, formation is only the beginning. Each year, you’ll also need to file a South Dakota LLC annual report to keep your company in good standing with the state. It’s due each year in your LLC’s anniversary month, and the fee is $55 online or $70 by mail. Starting January 1, 2027, a new law (HB 1102) also lets an LLC file by January 31 each year instead.

You may also need business licenses and permits for your industry or city, so check what common South Dakota licenses cost before you open.

If you ever close the business, you’ll file Articles of Termination with the Secretary of State ($10).

FAQ